(c) S.T.E.P.S. Publishing

1. WHAT IS UNIX? 3

1.1 AIMS 3

1.2 OVERVIEW 3

1.3 MAIN FEATURES OF UNIX 4

1.4 A BRIEF HISTORY OF UNIX 4

2. STARTING UNIX 7

2.1 AIMS 7

2.2 OVERVIEW 7

2.3 THE LOGIN PROCESS 7

2.3.1 User Groups 9

2.4 BASIC UNIX COMMANDS 9

2.4.1 Some Output Control Commands 10

2.5 REDIRECTION OF OUTPUT AND INPUT 11

2.6 REPEATING COMMANDS 12

2.7 ALIASES (RENAMING OR CREATING COMMANDS) 12

2.8 SOME OTHER FREQUENTLY USED COMMANDS 13

2.8.1 The echo command 13

2.8.2 The stty command 14

3. UNIX FILE SYSTEMS 14

3.1 AIMS 14

3.2 OVERVIEW 14

3.3 FILE NAME RULES 14

4. FILE SYSTEM, DIRECTORIES, & FILES 14

4.1 AIMS 14

4.2 OVERVIEW 14

4.3 CREATING DIRECTORIES 14

4.4 REMOVING DIRECTORIES 14

5. USER INFORMATION 14

5.1 AIMS 14

5.2 IDENTIFYING LOGIN NAME 14

6. SYSTEM INFORMATION 14

6.1 AIMS 14

6.2 OVERVIEW 14

7. COMMUNICATION WITH OTHER USERS 14

7.1 AIMS 14

7.2 MAIL, MAILX 14

7.3 WRITE 14

7.4 WALL 14

7.5 TALK 14

8. REDIRECTION AND PIPING 14

8.1 AIMS 14

8.2 OVERVIEW 14

9. FILE COMMANDS 14

9.1 AIMS 14

9.2 THE CAT COMMAND 14

9.3 THE COPY (CP) COMMAND 14

9.4 THE MOVE (MV) COMMAND 14

9.5 THE REMOVE (RM) COMMAND 14

9.6 THE LINK (LN) COMMAND 14

9.7 THE FIND COMMAND 14

10. ACCESS PERMISSIONS FOR FILES 14

10.1 AIMS 14

10.2 OVERVIEW 14

10.3 SYMBOLIC NOTATION 14

11. PROCESSES COMMANDS 14

11.1 AIMS 14

11.2 OVERVIEW 14

11.3 VIEWING THE PROCESS STATUS 14

11.4 SUSPENDING PROCESS 14

11.5 TERMINATING PROCESS 14

12. PRINT COMMANDS 14

12.1 AIMS 14

12.2 OVERVIEW 14

12.3 SUBMITTING PRINT JOBS 14

12.4 CHECKING PRINT STATUS 14

12.5 CANCELLING PRINT JOBS 14

13. EDITING TEXT IN UNIX ENVIRONMENT 14

13.1 AIMS 14

13.2 OVERVIEW 14

13.3 THE VI EDITOR 14

13.3.1 Setting Parameters 14

13.4 THE PICO EDITOR 14

14. REGULAR EXPRESSIONS 14

14.1 AIMS 14

14.2 OVERVIEW 14

14.3 WILD CARDS 14

14.4 EXPRESSION EXAMPLES 14

15. INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION 14

15.1 AIMS 14

15.2 DAILY SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION DUTIES 14

15.2.1 File Management 14

15.2.2 Disk Management 14

15.2.3 User Management 14

15.2.4 Application Management 14

15.2.5 Hardware Management: 14

15.2.6 System Management: 14

15.2.7 Print Management: 14

15.2.8 Backups: 14

15.3 WHAT SHOULD AN ADMINISTRATOR KNOW? 14

15.4 THE BOOT SEQUENCE & LOGIN PROCESS 14

15.5 THE SYSTEM SHUTDOWN PROCEDURE 14

15.5.1 File System 14

15.5.2 File Blocks 14

15.5.3 Fast File System (FFS) 14

15.5.4 Cylinder Setup 14

15.5.5 Formatting and Partitioning 14

15.5.6 Linking Files 14

15.6 BLOCK DEVICES 14

15.7 FILE SYSTEM MAINTENANCE 14

15.8 MEMORY MANAGEMENT 14

15.9 PROCESSES AND DISK MANAGEMENT 14

15.10 USER MANAGEMENT 14

15.10.1 Creating a User Home Directory 14

15.10.2 Creating a Login File 14

15.10.3 Ownership 14

15.10.4 Password Ageing 14

15.10.5 Unused Logins 14

15.10.6 Removing Users from the System 14

15.11 TERMINAL (TTY) MANAGEMENT 14

15.12 PRINTER MANAGEMENT 14

15.13 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT AND MEASUREMENT 14

15.13.1 The sar command 14

15.13.2 The tunefs command 14

15.13.3 The fsck command 14

15.13.4 Directory Organisation for Performance 14

15.14 NETWORKING FACILITIES IN UNIX 14

15.14.1 TCP/IP 14

15.14.2 Distributed File Systems 14

15.14.3 Network File System(NFS) and Remote Procedure Calls(RPC) 14

15.14.4 Remote File System(RFS) 14

15.15 BACKUP IN UNIX SYSTEMS 14

15.15.1 Tar 14

15.16 THE DD COMMAND 14

16. SECURITY IN UNIX 14

16.1 AIMS 14

16.2 OVERVIEW 14

16.2.1 Pseudo-Users 14

16.2.2 Authorisation Files 14

16.2.3 Trojan Horse 14

16.2.4 Viruses 14

16.2.5 Worms 14

16.2.6 System Accounting 14

16.2.7 Physical Security 14

16.2.8 Security Precautions for Unix Administrators 14

17. EXECUTING COMMANDS AT REGULAR TIMES 14

17.1 AIMS 14

17.2 THE AT COMMAND 14

17.3 THE CRON COMMAND 14

18. COMPARISON OF DOS AND UNIX COMMAND-LINE INTERFACES 14

18.1 AIMS 14

18.2 A COMPARISON OF DOS AND UNIX COMMANDS 14

19. USING ELECTRONIC MAIL & NEWS IN UNIX 14

19.1 AIMS 14

19.2 ELECTRONIC MAIL 14

19.2.1 Sending Mail 14

19.2.2 Reading Mail 14

19.2.3 Deleting Mail Messages 14

19.2.4 Saving Mail Messages 14

19.2.5 Replying Mail Messages 14

19.2.6 Forwarding Mail 14

19.2.7 Signature File 14

19.3 NEWS 14

19.3.1 Quitting from News Items and rn 14

19.3.2 What Newsgroups Are Available? 14

19.3.3 How to Subscribe to Newsgroups 14

19.3.4 Posting News 14

20. CREATING AN HTML DOCUMENT ON UNIX 14

20.1 AIMS 14

20.2 OVERVIEW 14

20.3 STEPS TO CREATE HTML DOCUMENTS ON UNIX 14

21. X-WINDOWS BASICS 14

21.1 AIMS 14

21.2 OVERVIEW 14

22. DOT FILES 14

22.1 AIMS 14

22.2 OVERVIEW 14

22.3 THE .CSHRC AND .LOGIN FILES 14

22.4 THE .LOGOUT FILE 14

22.5 THE .RHOSTS FILE 14

22.6 THE .ALIASES FILE 14

22.7 THE .SIGNATURE FILE 14

22.8 THE .XSESSION FILE 14

22.9 THE .FORWARD FILE 14

23. POPULAR C-SHELL UTILITIES 14

23.1 AIMS 14

23.2 OVERVIEW 14

23.3 SOME SHELL SCRIPT COMMANDS 14

24. SUBSTITUTIONS 14

24.1 AIMS 14

24.2 COMMAND SUBSTITUTION 14

24.3 ALIAS SUBSTITUTION 14

24.4 MODIFYING EVENTS 14

25. REMOTE ACCESS IN UNIX SYSTEMS 14

25.1 AIMS 14

25.2 TELNET 14

25.3 RLOGIN 14

25.4 FTP 14

25.5 REMSH 14

26. JOB CONTROL 14

26.1 AIMS 14

26.2 OVERVIEW 14

26.2.1 The fg and bg Commands 14

26.2.2 What to Do When You've Suspended Multiple Jobs 14

26.2.3 Starting Jobs in the Background 14

26.2.4 Suspending jobs with z and <Ctrl>-Z 14

27. UNIX COMMAND REFERENCES WITH EXAMPLES 14

27.1 AIMS 14

28. TEST YOUR UNIX KNOWLEDGE 14

28.1 AIMS 14

QUIZ 14

28.2 ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS 14

(c) S.T.E.P.S. Consulting Pty. Ltd.